Embodied and phenomenological approaches to neuropsychiatry have proven to be promising for assessing social cognition and its impairments. Second-person neuroscience has demonstrated that the dynamics of social interaction make a difference when it comes to how people understand each other. This article presents the Perceptual Crossing Experiment (PCE) as a paradigm for studying real-time dyadic embodied interactions in the context of schizophrenia. We draw on the phenomenological concept of interbodily resonance (IR) and show how the PCE can be used to (...) accurately model and assess IR. We then turn to disembodied interaction in schizophrenia and finally propose the PCE as a translational tool for systematically assessing the hindered IR that individuals with schizophrenia suffer from. We offer an experimental approach to phenomenology which could be informative for the development of more embodied interventions aiming to remedy the profoundly disrupted social life that patients with schizophrenia live with. (shrink)

La visión tradicional del pensamiento crítico (PC) fundada en un enfoque racionalista ha sido puesta en duda a partir de fines del siglo pasado por la ‘segunda ola’ del PC, la cual, a pesar de no ser un movimiento del todo definido, ha incluido aspectos como la imaginación, la creatividad y el trabajo cooperativo en su comprensión y en su aplicación a la enseñanza. Paralelamente, perspectivas actuales en psicología moral como el modelo ‘intuicionista social’ propuesto por Jonathan Haidt, representan un (...) desafío al modelo racionalista de la moral que suponen gran parte de las éticas normativas canónicas. Siendo que tanto el PC como el fundamento moral representan factores fundamentales en la enseñanza de ética, se hace explicito que esta última precisa también ser revisada. Es por ello que el presente trabajo analiza una perspectiva del PC alternativa a la tradicional basada en el potencial aporte de la metacognición y del modelo intuicionista social, con el fin de abrir nuevas vías de investigación para la actualización del fundamento moral que se supone en la enseñanza de ética. Para ahondar en ello, se ejemplificará la relevancia y aplicabilidad de la metacognición en la enseñanza de ética con situaciones vinculadas a la actual pandemia por Covid-19. (shrink)

This note covers some of the history of Leonardo numbers. We retrieve some of the most recent results on this sequence, as well as some relevant historical interconnections. In the end, we also provide some conjectures and open problems for some of its extensions involving the modular periodicity.

Burnout is a phenomenon characterized by fatigue and frustration, usually related to work stress and dedication to a cause, a way of life that does not match the person’s expectations. Although it seems to be associated with risk factors stemming from a professional environment, this problem may affect any person. Palliative care is provided in a challenging environment, where professionals often have to make demanding ethical decisions and deal with death and dying. This article reports on the findings of a (...) systematic review aimed at identifying described burnout levels in palliative care nurses and physicians, and the related risks and protective factors. The main findings indicate that burnout levels in palliative care, or in health care settings related to this field, do not seem to be higher than in other contexts. (shrink)

The extended evolutionary synthesis intends to offer a new framework for understanding evolution based mainly on empirical and theoretical findings of current studies, including heredity and evolutionary developmental biology. In this essay, we present and develop the following objections about the terminology associated with the EES literature: despite using the term "extension," EES protagonists claim new evolutionary processes, reformulate conceptual networks, and modify central assumptions of the evolutionary synthesis. Therefore, the difference between ES and EES should not be described in (...) terms of a set-subset relationship ; despite using the term "synthesis," the EES leads, at least in the short term, to a pluralism of approaches in evolutionary biology. Thus, we argue that the EES should not be described as a synthesis, but as a broad and plural interpretative framework encompassing different approaches. These objections are not directed to the proposed changes, but to the interpretation of these changes as a mere expansion of the previous evolutionary framework, as well as to the interpretation of the EES as a synthesis. Based on these objections, we seek to present some explanations for the use of the term "extended synthesis" among its protagonists. (shrink)

A chamada Síntese Evolutiva (SE), formulada entre os anos 1920 e 1940, constitui o quadro interpretativo dominante na biologia evolutiva atual. A proposta mais bem articulada, teórica e institucionalmente, de uma mudança nesse quadro, denomina-se Síntese Evolutiva Estendida (SEE). Nosso principal objetivo será apresentar e desenvolver as seguintes objeções à SEE: (I) apesar de se declarar como uma “extensão” da SE, a SEE reinterpreta processos evolutivos, reformula sua rede conceitual e modifica pressupostos centrais da SE. Portanto, a diferença entre SEE (...) e SE não deveria ser descrita como uma relação conjunto-subconjunto (isto é, como uma “extensão”); (II) apesar de se declarar como uma “síntese”, a SEE leva, pelo menos em curto prazo, a um pluralismo de abordagens na biologia evolutiva. Portanto, a SEE não deveria ser descrita como uma síntese, mas como um quadro interpretativo amplo e plural que abarca diferentes abordagens. Essas objeções não são direcionadas às mudanças propostas, mas à interpretação dessas mudanças como uma “síntese estendida” do quadro evolutivo anterior. Com base nessas objeções, formularemos três hipóteses para explicar o uso do termo “síntese estendida” entre os seus proponentes. (shrink)

Resumen: El enfoque de máquinas nomológicas como esquema de funcionamiento de los modelos económicos supone la existencia de conjunciones constantes de eventos que tienen lugar en tanto se cumplan con determinadas cláusulasceteris paribus. Este enfoque supone causalidad del tipo lineal, una metodología del tipo macro-micro-macro, y un aislamiento respecto del entorno en el cual dicha máquina opera, lo cual lo hace congruente con el pensamiento neo-mecanicista. Consideramos que estos supuestos son cuestionables bajo el paradigma de la complejidad. En particular, dado (...) que gran parte de los fenómenos económicos responden a una causalidad no lineal, es necesario tener en consideración interacciones que no se dan en un nivel ni micro ni macro sinomeso, y que no es necesario ni conveniente hacer un aislamiento con el entorno, sino que es posible contemplarlo utilizando modelos de simulación.: The nomological machines approach as a scheme of operation of economic models presupposes the existence of constant conjunctions of events that take place as long as certain ceteris paribus clauses are fulfilled. This approach involves linear causality, a macro-micro-macro methodology, and an isolated environment in which the machine operates, which makes it consistent with the neo-mechanistic approach. We believe that these assumptions are questionable under the paradigm of complexity. Given that a large part of economic phenomena responds to non-linear causality, it is necessary to consider interactions that do not occur at a micro or macro level but rather at a meso-level, and that it is neither necessary nor desirable to isolate from the environment, but it is possible to contemplate it using simulation models. (shrink)

The present article wishes to examine John Caputo’s notion of ‘hyperbolic justice’ considering his critique of Heideggerian philosophy. In Demythologizing Heidegger (1993), Caputo tries to deconstruct Martin Heidegger’s account of Dasein’s being as Sorge, as Being-towards-death in its existentiality, facticity and fallenness, not by rejecting that account but by showing that it is fissured by an absence, the absence of kardia (heart), of flesh, disablement, affliction. According to Caputo, Heidegger’s aesthetics of Being, and his concern to overcome the oblivion (...) of Being, left him scandalously oblivious to the cry of the suffering other. Against Heidegger, Caputo opposes what he calls the “prophetic imagination” of Emmanuel Levinas, Jean-François Lyotard, and particularly Jacques Derrida. I will seek to examine the ways in which Caputo opposes to Heidegger Derrida’s ‘undeconstructibility of justice,’ whilst also resorting to Levinas’ ‘hyperbolic justice’. (shrink)

Leonardo da Vinci’s extensive drawings and notes devoted to anatomy do not arise in a medical context. He does not engage with surgery or “physic.” Rather, his aim is to reveal what he understood to be the divine engineering of God’s greatest creation. His earliest anatomical drawings map the conduits for the “spirits” at a deep level not practiced by other artists interested in the human body. The first set of drawings he produced in 1489 describes skulls with brilliant (...) draftsmanship. His notes for these drawings are predominantly concerned with the location of the “common sense” (sensus communis) at the geometrical center of the cranium. The next great set of drawings completed in ca. 1510 expounds the form and functions of the bones and muscles in meticulous mechanical detail, probably in collaboration with the young Paduan doctor, Marcantonio della Torre. Leonardo’s greatest realization of mathematics in anatomy comes when he looks at the valves of the heart; in studying the heart he also conceived a casting technique that he adapted to determine the form of the ventricles in the brain, radically revising the traditional arrangement of these structures. In a range of portrayals from diagrammatic to pictorial and from static to dynamic, Leonardo’s anatomical research is unrivalled in revealing the mechanics of the human body. His work in this context is an underappreciated precursor of the modern science of biomechanics. (Larger-sized versions of the Leonardo drawings presented here are available as supplementary material in the online version of this article.). (shrink)

In this paper we intend to present briefly the way Fonseca deals with the doctrine of causation in his Commentaries on the Metaphysics of Aristotle. We shall begin with the presentation of the map of the disputations on causation in that work (I), then will refer to the position of Fonseca on the definition of cause (II), the relation between cause and principle (III) and, finally, his defense of the Aristotelian four causes (IV).

Seen | Unseen is a richly illustrated, analysis of the interconnections between science and the visual arts as Martin Kemp explores the responses of artists, scientists and their instruments, to the world. From Leonardo, Durer and the inventors of photography to contemporary sculptors, and from Galileo and Darwin to Stephen J. Gould, Kemp considers the way in which scientists and artists have perceived the world and responded to its patterns.

RESUMEN El diálogo propuesto entre Heidegger y Adorno, especificamente en lo que concierne a las ideas de crítica y de resistencia, no desconoce la importancia que adquiere para el último la crítica extensa que él mismo dirige a la ontología de Heidegger, ni para este su cuestionamiento de la filosofia dialéctica. El artículo busca mostrar que, en ambos autores, la idea de crítica y de resistencia se resuelve como indagación del sentido negativo de la experiencia. Se concluye que, destacando semejanzas (...) y diferencias en sus planteamientos, la reivindicación del carácter negativo de la experiencia equivale reivindicar el poder crítico de la filosofia y del arte. ABSTRACT The dialogue between these two authors, concerning specifically the ideas of critique and resistance, does not ignore the importance attributed by Adorno to the extensive critique that himself addresses to Heidegger's ontology, nor the one attributed by the latter to his questioning of the dialectical philosophy. The paper shows that in both authors the ideas of critique and resistance can be settled as an inquiry into the negative sense of experience. It is concluded that, highlighting similarities and differences in their approaches, the recognition of the negative trait of experience equals to claiming the critical power of philosophy and art. (shrink)

Noch heute bekannt ist das aus der Antike uberkommmene Schema der vier Elemente (Erde, Wasser, Luft, Feuer) und ihrer Eigenschaften. Es war eine der wesentlichen Ordnungsformen im Weltbild der mittelalterlichen Menschen. Entstehung und Bestimmung der Natur und der Lebewesen, Gesundheit und Krankheit, Gut und Bose lieaen sich aus ihr erklaren, Gott bediente sich ihrer zur Ordnung der Schopfung und sie gab den Rahmen vor fur die Entfaltung menschlichen Willens. Im ausgehenden Mittelalter, der Renaissance, wurde dieses Denken aufgebrochen. Die Eigenart von (...) Lebewesen und Naturvorgangen oder die Handlungsmoglichkeiten der Menschen konnten jetzt auch als Kraftubertragung oder durch die Gunst der Stunde erklart werden. Vollig aufgegeben wurde die Ordnungsvorstellung der vier Elemente wahrend des Mittelalters aber nie. Inhalt: Naturphilosophie: Antike Tradition - hochmittelalterliche Ausformung (Wilhelm von Conches, Albertus Magnus) u spatmittelalterliche Gestaltung (Raimund von Sabunde) und Veranderung (Marsilio Ficino, Leonardo da Vinci, Giordano Bruno, Paracelsus). Politisches Denken: spatmittelalterliche Gestaltung (Marsilius von Padua ) und Veranderung (Leonardo Bruni, Machiavelli). (Franz Steiner 1994). (shrink)

Belandria, Margarita Artículos La labor del filósofo The philosopher's paper Alonso, Ángel Castigo y derecho sin libre albedrío ni responsabilidad Punishment and law without free will and no responsibility López Corredoira, Martín De los metarrelatos a la "muerte de los intelectuales". Una mirada al "Humanismo impenitente" desde la reconstrucción neonietzscheana postmoderna From meta - reports to the "demise of intellectuals". A view of "impenitent humanism" from post-modern neo-Nietzschean deconstruction Mora García, José Pascual Kant y el método de trascender en la (...) filosofía de Karl Jaspers Kant and the transcendental method in the Karl Jaspers philosophy Portuondo Pajón, Gladys L. La creatio ex Nihilo y sus implicaciones fenomenológicas en Levitas La creatio ex Nihilo and it's phenomenology implications in Levinas Ramírez, Gustavo ¿Qué significa meditar? What does it mean to meditate? Ramis Muscato, Pompeyo Sobre la violencia: Orígenes y antídoto Regarding violence: Origens and antidotes Vasquez, Eduardo Interdisciplinares Louis Kahn: Filosofía, arte y arquitectura Louis Kahn: Philosophy, arte and architecture Arellano Spinetti, Leonardo La oligarquía venezolana en el siglo XXI: Del estereotipo al anacronismo The Venezuelan oligarchy in the XXI century: From the stereotype to the anachronism Varela Manrique, Luz Coromoto Traducciones El arte de pensar Maurois, André Friedrich Nietzsche. 1844-1900. (shrink)

O artigo começa por apresentar o quadro formal das relações entre Filosofia e Religião, que pode reduzir-se atrês hipóteses: Filosofia religiosa, Religião filosóficaeFilosofiadaReligião.Completa este quadro com a definição de Religião defendida por Juan Martín Velasco e a concepção dialéctica de experiência religiosa de Cario Cantone. Descreve seguidamente o tratamento dado à Religião e o lugar que ela ocupa no sistema criacionista de Leonardo Coimbra, que é, gnosiologicamente, um idealismo sintético e dialéctico e, ontologicamente, uma monadologia espiritualista, uma metafísica moral (...) e religiosa. E conclui, através da análise dos artigos que versam a temática em causa e do primeiro livro sistemático, que a religião entra como passo dialéctico na construção do sistema de realidade que é o Criacionismo: através de uma Filosofia da Religião, chega a uma Metafísica religiosa ou ontoteologia. /// L'article commence par présenter le cadre formei des relations entre Philosophie et Religion, cadre qui peut se réduire à trois hypothèses: Philosophie religieuse, Religion philosophique et philosophie de Ia religion. Il complète ce cadre par Ia définition de la Religion défendue par Juan Martin Velasco et par la conception dialectique de Texpérience religieuse de Cario Cantone. Il décrit ensuite le traitement donné à la religion et le lieu qu'elle occupe dans le système créationniste de Leonardo Coimbra, lequel est, gnosiologiquement, un idéalisme synthétique et dialectique et, ontologiquement, une monadologie spiritualiste, une métaphysique morale et religieuse. Il conclut, moyennant l'analyse d'articles qui tournent autour de la problématique en question et du premier livre systématique, que la religion entre comme moment dialectique dans laconstruction du système de réalité qu'est le créationnisme: par le biais d'une philosophie de la religion on en arrive à une métaphysique religieuse ou ontothéologique. /// The article begins by presenting an outline of the relations that can be discerned between philosophy and religion. These relations can be reduced to three themes: religious philosophy, philosophical religion, and philosophy of religion. This outline is completed by a definition of religion proposed by Juan Martn Velasco and the dialectical conception of religious experience proposed by Cario Cantone. An account of Leonardo Coimbra's treatment of religion in his creationist system follows. It will be noted that it is a dialectical, synthetic idealism froma gnosiological point of view, while ontologically it can be considered a spiritualist monadology. Our study leads to the conclusion that religion is part of a dialectical process in the construction of a system of reality, i.e., Creationism; it is through a Philosophy of Religion, that one can arrive at a religious metaphysics on a onto-theology. (shrink)

Full-length and short independent feature films directed by Martin Scorsese are considered as the research material. The object of the study is the main elements of Martin Scorsese's directorial style. Throughout his creative career, the director under study, without fear, operates with numerous artistic techniques that today form the directorial style – broadcasting Christian motifs, cruelty combined with the beauty of the criminal world, eyes as an element of the hero's soul, using a mirror in the context of (...) reflecting the other world of the character, narration through dreams and fantasies, as well as an abundance of editing solutions. The main attention is paid to the cast in the director's filmography, which correlates with the subject of this study. In this article, the author analyzed 33 films of the director that fall under the conditions of the study. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research was the works of domestic and foreign theorists and practitioners of cinematography, as well as film encyclopedias and film textbooks of the academic level. According to the results of the study, the author came to the conclusion that the director is committed to a permanent cast in his films. More than others, Martin Scorsese stars such actors as Robert De Niro, Catherine Scorsese, Charles Scorsese, Leonardo DiCaprio. The director puts himself at the top of this list. 430 actors took part in all the films studied, who appear in the director's filmography at least twice. In the films The Irishman (2019), The Wolf of Wall Street (2013), Goodfellas (1990), and Casino (1995) starred the largest number of recurring actors in the director's work. Also, in the course of our research, we found that the director in most of his films prefers to shoot not only himself, but also members of his family. (shrink)

El texto expone diversos modos de articular las nociones de tradición y modernidad en el arte y la arquitectura según los contenidos aparecidos en el número 11 de la Revista de Arte dedicado a Argentina. El análisis se centra en dos artículos. El primero: “Emilio Pettoruti: brújula de la pintura argentina”, de Leonardo Estarico. El segundo: “América y la nueva arquitectura”, de Martín Noel. Mientras Estarico postula los conceptos de forma y de plástica como territorios universales, Noel establece al (...) continente americano como fuente para el arte y la arquitectura local. (shrink)

This book is an expanded catalogue of an exhibit of mid‐fifteenth‐ through seventeenth‐century drawings, woodcuts, engravings, and etchings emphasizing hands as objects of study, as teaching tools, and as reflections of the human being. In addition, it contains an extended introduction by the curator of the exhibit, Claire Richter Sherman, and four essays by other contributors on pertinent topics: the hand as an instrument of the intellect, manual reckoning, music, and chiromancy . These essays, which precede the catalogue itself, are (...) only loosely connected to the exhibit, but each deals with its subject clearly and crisply.In his composition on the hand as a means of expression, Martin Kemp traces the legacy of ancient thought as reflected in the various anatomical drawings from Leonardo through the detailed Bidloo prints. Kemp concludes that the hand remains “a prime mechanism for personal expression—for the manifestation of individual character and identity.” In the following essay Sachiko Kusukawa provides a succinct sketch of finger numeration, noting that a system alluded to by ancient authors was fully described by the Venerable Bede in the eighth century. Bede also wrote of a method of using the hand as a mnemonic aid in determining the proper date for Easter and other movable feasts. Finger counting remained popular throughout the Middle Ages but gradually fell into disuse in the West by the sixteenth century and was merely quaint by the eighteenth. Kusukawa does not, unfortunately, suggest a reason for the decline, but the spread of computation with Arabic numerals was surely a major factor.Next, Susan Forscher Weiss discusses the use of the hand in teaching music theory and scales. Although there are some indications of this practice in antiquity, variations on a system developed in the eleventh century by Guido of Arezzo were used to teach music through the sixteenth century. Finally, Brain P. Copenhaver discusses the history of the pseudoscience chiromancy . Already in existence in antiquity, palmistry, and other forms of divination, flourished despite the prohibitions of the church. Copenhaver concludes with a witty discussion of the hard times on which palmistry has fallen recently in California.As for the catalogue, it consists of eighty‐three monochrome illustrations, each with an extensive commentary about the artist, the subject, and the reason the item was included in the exhibit. These descriptions are frequently fascinating short essays in themselves, enticing the reader to investigate further. The organization is thematic rather than chronological, with six divisions : “Reading the Writing on Hands,” “Handiwork of the Creator,” “Messengers of the World,” “Knowledge on Hand,” “Whole World in the Hand,” and “Guiding Hands.” The faults are minor. Although the themes of the divisions themselves are clearly described in Sherman's introduction, several of the illustrations seem to have only a general association with the stated theme. A few are filled with details too small to be legible in the necessary reduction of plates to fit the book. Most of the illustrations, however, are excellent examples of the main subject of the exhibit and are fascinating studies in their own right.Generally, this volume is a valuable work for anyone interested in the history of the hand in science and the arts. The four prefatory essays are particularly instructive, and the prints are reproduced clearly, with elaborate descriptions of their historical context and their meaning. Accordingly, this book is much more than merely a catalogue; it is an important work in its own right. Throughout, the substantial references to other works indicate directions for further study. One only regrets that the exhibit itself was shown in only two venues. (shrink)

This important new editio maior of Aristotle's Poetics is based on all the primary sources and is accompanied by a details critical apparatus. The introductory chapters provide important new insights about the transmission of the text to the present day and especially the significance of the Syro-Arabic tradition.

The article individuates free self-alienation and reconciliation as the specific characters of the last chapter of Phenomenology of Spirit, in contrast to an interpretation of absolute knowing as appropriation of otherness within selfconsciousness. Such self-alienation has already been developed by Hegel in the chapter “Religion”. The limit of religion depends on the last opposition to otherness, and not on to the presence of otherness itself, which has already been taken off along the path of self-becoming and self-consciousness. The overcoming of (...) this opposition represents the crucial difference between self-consciousness in chapter IV and self-consciousness of spirit. The inclusion of otherness is realized in the content of revealed religion, but not in the its form, which is imprisoned in the reference to an abstract divinity. The aim of absolute knowing is to change the sense of absoluteness, which has to mean the overcoming of Entfremdung through Entäusserung and Versöhnung, or through the unification of self-consciousness with consciousness: absolute spirit becomes other from itself and includes the other in its own identity. (shrink)

Parra, Lisímaco. “Filosofía versus barroco en la Fundamentación de la metafísica de las costumbres de Kant.” La filosofía práctica de Kant. Comps. Roberto R. Aramayo y Faviola Rivera Castro. Ciudad de México; Bogotá: Universidad Autónoma de México; Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 2017. 19-54.

The purpose of the article was to determine the relationship between the organizational culture and the institutional management of the "Enrique López Albújar" Educational Institution, Piura. Work is worked under a quantitative approach, descriptive and correlational scope, 40 teachers participated as a sample. Among the results, it was found that there is no significant relationship between organizational culture and institutional management, which did not allow validating the research hypothesis; However, a significant relationship between norms and customs with institutional management was (...) found; which concludes in compliance with the norms and good customs based on values. (shrink)

Several scholarly inquiries have explored the possibility that Parmenides was acquainted with Heraclitus and engaged in polemics against him, in light of the fact that their respective chronologies do not preclude this scenario. However, with few exceptions, the debate remains polarized between two main positions: the first contends that Heraclitus and Parmenides were likely unaware of each other, or at least that no conclusive evidence exists to prove their acquaintance; the second posits that Parmenides was indeed aware of Heraclitus and (...) argued against him. This paper focuses on Heraclitus B 49a DK to offer additional, albeit measured, support for the latter position and to suggest a hypothesis, at least a partial one, concerning the origins of Parmenides’ κρίσις between εἶναι and μὴ εἶναι. (shrink)

O presente artigo toma como base o conceito da Sociedade do Cansaço de Byung Chul Han para tratar das novas síndromes do século XXI. A abordagem buscará problematizar as novas tecnologias e relaciona-las com o diagnóstico de Zigmunt Bauman sobre nossos tempos, de modo a analisar as variáveis técnicas introduzidas pelas novas tecnologias a partir da popularização da internet. O objetivo deste trabalho é demonstrar que os avanços conquistados pela indústria tecnológica e suas técnicas aplicadas ao uso de seus produtos, (...) produziu uma sociedade mais conectada, porém, mais individualizada, onde as relações se tornaram frágeis e novas síndromes passaram a acometer este novo mundo. Deste modo entenderemos os mecanismos de controle e os efeitos desta cultura massificada, onde as fronteiras se estreitaram, as diferenças se achataram e os vínculos e autonomia se perderam. (shrink)

O presente texto consiste numa leitura da obra Além do bem e do mal, do filósofo alemão Friedrich Nietzsche. Abordaremos sua relação conceitual com a noção de verdade, através da crítica à tradição filosófica, por meio de ideias como “vontade de poder”, “vida” e “moral”, relacionada a suas especificidades estilísticas. Nietzsche não concebe o conhecimento separado de aspectos exteriores a razão, como o elemento “vontade”. O autor alerta para a necessidade de um processo valorativo junto ao gnosiológico.

No presente artigo temos por objetivo apresentar as relações existentes entre os tópicos de filosofia da linguagem e teoria social, encontrados na obra do lingüista e ativista político Noam Chomsky. Na primeira parte do artigo demonstramos sob quais condições teóricas tornamse possíveis as relações entre linguagem e política. Na segunda parte do artigo, depois de estabelecido o contorno do conceito de natureza humana, através do chamado modelo sugestivo, inerente a capacidade cognitiva da criatividade lingüística, apontamos então, o conteúdo da teoria (...) social engendrada por Chomsky. (shrink)